Brasileiro, doutor em Filosofia pela Universidade Santo Tomás, Roma, 1980. Professor do Departamento de Filosofia da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. Obras das quais é autor Filosofia e Ciência (1990); Filósofos Pré-Socráticos. Primeiros Mestres da Filosofia e da Ciência Grega, (2012); Helenização e Recriação de Sentidos. A Filosofia na época da expansão do Cristianismo, séculos II, III e IV, (2015); Herança Grega dos Filósofos Medievais (2013); Questões Fundamentais da Filosofia Grega, (2006); Os Caminhos de Epicuro (2009); O Nascimento da Filosofia Grega e sua transição ao medievo, Caxias do Sul: Educs, 2010; Bacon, Galileu e Descartes: o renascimento da filosofia grega, (2013); Epicuro e as bases do epicurismo, (2013)
This paper is about the concept of egkíklios paideía, used in ancient Greece to define the children’s (paidós) school term (egkíklios). The goals of the syllabus used to be, on the one hand, enabling the children to use the intellect, and, on the other hand, professional, social and human amendment. The paper uses two sources. First, the ancient philosophers. Second, other educational conceptions spread all over the Greek civilization in the Hellenistic age. Concerning the ancient philosophers, the paper analyzes a single dictum attributed to three different philosophers: Gorgias, Aristippus and Bion. The subject of the dictum is a comparison between, on the one hand, philosophy and Penelope, and, on the other hand, the other disciplines of the syllabus and Penelope’s servants. Concerning the Hellenistic diffusion, the paper deals with Filo, Quintilian and Clement of Alexandria. Regarding these writers, the paper aims to show an overturn: among the Greeks, philosophy used to be the master (the déspoina); later, it became the servant (the doulís)
